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The
National Academies
The National
Academies is a private, nonprofit institution created in 1863
by Congress. The institution has evolved into four distinguished
organizations working together - the National Academy of Sciences,
the National Academy of Engineering, the Institute of Medicine,
and the National Research Council. These organizations bring together
leaders from academe, industry, government, and other sectors
to provide cogent, unbiased advice to the government and citizens
of the United States.
For more than
a century, the National Academies have provided independent, objective
scientific advice to the nation as leaders grapple with issues
involving science, technology, and medicine. More than 4,800 of
the nation's most distinguished leaders in science, engineering,
medicine and related fields have been selected by their peers
to be members of the Academies.
In addition,
approximately 5,700 individuals seek solutions to a profusion
of problems embracing virtually every aspect of society. All of
these experts volunteer their time to serve on study committees,
plan and participate in seminars, review documents, and assist
the work of the Academies in other ways. Members, volunteers and
staff members help to address a variety of the nation's issues.
Most National
Academies' activities are undertaken at the request of federal
agencies and funded by them, or mandated by Congress. But the
Academies' scope of work goes well beyond fulfilling governmental
requests. Private industry, foundations, and state and local governments
also sponsor activities.
Every project
is given scrupulous attention. Study and oversight committees
deliberate in an environment independent of government, sponsors,
and special interest groups to ensure independence, which under
girds the Academies' credibility and reflect its important role
in forming public-policy decision-making on scientific and technologic
issues.
National Institutes of Health
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is the Federal government's
primary agency for the support and conduct of biomedical research.
The intramural research program is housed primarily on a 318-acre
campus in Bethesda, Maryland, a suburb of Washington, DC, and
at other research centers located in Research Triangle Park, North
Carolina; Baltimore and Frederick, Maryland; Phoenix, Arizona;
and Hamilton, Montana.
Approximately
14,800 employees work on the NIH campus in Bethesda, including
4,000 with doctoral degrees and 3,000 technical support staff.
The NIH is also home to the Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center,
a 250 bed facility that provides outstanding clinical training
and a research experience that includes exposure to the design
and analysis of clinical trials, as well as cutting-edge basic
science investigation. The Clinical Center contains more than
1,600 research laboratories, fostering a close relationship between
patient care areas and research laboratories.
The NIH provides
many opportunities for the professional development of physicians
and scientists who intend to pursue careers in biomedical research
or academic medicine. Over the years thousands of physicians and
scientists have completed postdoctoral training at the NIH and
are now providing leadership in the biomedical research community
not only in the United States but also throughout the world.
National Cancer Institute
Mission
The National
Cancer Institute (NCI) is a component of the National Institutes
of Health (NIH). The NCI was established under the National Cancer
Act of 1937 and is the Federal Government's principal agency for
cancer research and training. The NCI's primary mission is to
sponsor and conduct cancer research in order to achieve a future
when all cancers are uncommon and easily treated. NCI pursues
this goal in two major ways. First, the NCI provides vision to
the Nation and leadership for NCI funded researchers across the
United States and around the world. Second, NCI works to ensure
that the results of research are used in public health programs
and clinical practice to reduce the burden of cancer for all people.
The NCI budget supports a broad range of research that helps to
expand the understanding of cancer and to develop improvements
in cancer prevention and patient care.
Extramural
Research Program
The largest
portion of the NCI's budget goes to support scientists conducting
research at universities, hospitals and other organizations outside
the NIH. Proposals submitted by extramural investigators are selected
for funding by peer review. Cancer experts from around the country
identify the best science and most needed areas of research by
evaluating approximately 5,000 new research proposals received
by NCI each year. With guidance and oversight from from experts
in NCI's Divisions (Cancer Biology, Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis,
Cancer Prevention, and Cancer Control and Population Sciences),
cancer research is funded and conducted through out the United
States and in 20 foreign countries.
Intramural
Research Program
Another large
portion of the NCI budget is utilized to support over 400 principal
investigators conducting research in NCI intramural divisions
(Center for Cancer Research and Division of Cancer Epidemiology
and Genetics). The intramural research program is focused on the
rapid translation of basic laboratory research to clinical testing,
and to long-term epidemiological and genetics studies. Over 1,000
postdoctoral fellows and student interns participate in the intramural
program's specialized research training each year in order to
become part of the next generation of cancer scientists and research
leaders.
St.
Jude Children's Research Hospital
We've
built America's 4th-largest nonprofit healthcare organization
- and the growth continues! We keep the costs down and the research
funds flowing. The availability of sophisticated centralized resources
offers St. Jude staff and faculty an exceptional advantage, in
an environment where the science never stops.
By combining
the resources of our basic research, our Hartwell Center for Bioinformatics
and Biotechnology and our new cGMP facility, we are translating
knowledge from the research laboratories into novel approaches
for clinical diagnostics and treatments.
Basic Research
Research on
a wide spectrum of basic science topics is currently under way
at St. Jude. One current area of focus, as part of our pharmacogenomics
program, is investigating the genetic determinants of drug effects
in individual patients, with the long term goal of optimizing
drug therapy for each patient based on those determinants. Other
research areas include: developmental neurobiology, structural
biology, hematology/oncology, genetics, pharmaceutical sciences,
biochemistry, immunology, and infectious diseases.
Hartwell Center
for Bioinformatics and Biotechnology
As one of
the leading facilities of its kind, the Hartwell Center is a unique
integration of High Throughput (HTP) biotechnology resources,
bioinformatics resources and academic programs that provide state
of the art tools for discovery. These resources have contributed
to numerous discoveries impacting the diagnosis, classification
and treatment of pediatric diseases. The Biotechnology Division
provides methodologies that include High-Throughput (HTP) DNA
sequencing, genotyping, macromolecular synthesis, functional genomics,
proteomics, mass spectrometry and molecular interaction analyses
in support of St. Jude research programs. The Bioinformatics/Research
Computing Division provides high-performance computing, bioinformatics
support, software/database development, and desktop support for
St Jude research programs.
cGMP Facility
As part of
our mission at St. Jude, researchers strive to transfer innovative
research breakthroughs from the laboratory to the patient as rapidly
as possible. Helping us to fulfill that commitment to our mission,
the 64,000 square-foot current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP)
facility was completed in 2003. The cGMP is a unique new production
facility which functions as a core, shared resource facility at
St. Jude, providing production expertise, as well as the highest-quality
manufacturing environment for the production of drugs, vaccines,
proteins, gene-based molecules and other biological products developed
by St. Jude researchers and collaborating institutions. All biological
products produced in the GMP facility are developed and produced
in accordance with the federal government's current Good Manufacturing
Practices (cGMP) regulations.
Novartis
Institutes for BioMedical Research
The Novartis
Institutes for BioMedical Research is Novartis' global research
organization, committed to discovering innovative medicines that
cure disease and improve human health. By conducting more relevant
and predictable drug discovery that can yield new and better medicines
for patients, the Novartis Institutes redefine drug discovery
in the post-genomic era.
Over the past
four years, Novartis Pharmaceuticals has had the greatest number
of new molecular entities approved by the US FDA. With its broad
focus on diseases for which there is a need for better medical
therapies, and with 3,000 talented, dedicated research scientists
worldwide, the Novartis Institutes will ensure Novartis maintains
its strong pipeline and highly successful track record in new
drug discovery.
Novartis Institutes
sites include Cambridge, Massachusetts (the new headquarters);
Basel, Switzerland; Horsham, UK; East Hanover, NJ; Vienna, Austria;
and Tsukuba, Japan. Novartis Institutes' Cambridge facilities
encompass 750,000 square feet of laboratory and office space.
Research in cardiovascular disease, oncology, infectious disease,
and diabetes is headquartered in Cambridge. In addition, Cambridge
is home to the following platform technologies: Global Discovery
Chemistry, Genomic Technologies and Informatics, Developmental
& Molecular Pathways, and Models of Disease Center.
In order to
attract and develop an exceptionally talented and committed staff,
the Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research offers an innovative
and comprehensive benefits package, including healthcare, insurance,
savings, retirement, and work/life benefits.
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